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Chronic Snoring
Cures
During normal breathing, air passes through the throat on its way
to the lungs. The air travels past the soft palate, uvula, tonsils,
and tongue. When a person is awake, the muscles in the back of the
throat tighten to hold these structures in place preventing them
from collapsing into the airway. During sleep, these structures
can fall into the airway causing snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.
Sleep apnea is characterized by loud snroing and distrubed or interruped
sleep patterns. Sleep apnea can have serious consequences including
cardiac problems. Frequently patients will awaken in the morning
with a headache. If they become sleep deprived they may feel sleeppy
all day, and may fall asleep while driving in the car.
Sleep apnea is diagnosed by a sleep study. During a sleep study,
the patient's breathing patterns, heart rhythim and brain waves
are monitored.
If it is found that sleep apnea is present, most doctors recommend
the use of CPAP. CPAP is a breathing device worn during sleep to
help keep the airway open. In some situations surgery is recommended.
The uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with or without tonsillectomy are
surgical procedurs designed to open the airway. In rare situations,
a tracheostomy is necessary. These are procedures designed to circumvent
this sleep related collapse of these structures.

Obstructive Sleep
Apnea and Tonsils
Obstructive sleep apnea in normal children is almost always caused
by enlarged (hypertrophic) tonsils and adenoids). These children
will display the typical sleeping patterns of sleep apnea. They
have loud snoring, frequent pauses with breathing at night, frequent
awakening from sleep, restless sleep, nightmares, and bedwetting
(enuresis). During the daytime, these children are mouth breathers,
may have excessive daytime sleepiness, and poor school performance.
Other more rare causes of sleep apnea include any congenital (present
from birth) or acquired cause of upper airway obstruction.
The treatment of obstructive sleep apnea is directed to the cause
of the obstruction.
As noted above, most cases of obstructive sleep apnea in children
is caused by enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Surgical interventions
are therefore directed to what is causing the obstruction. In the
case of enlarged tonsils and adenoids, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
is usually successful in relieving the problem. If the problem is
not the tonsils and adenoids, the cause of the obstruction must
be determined. For example, surgery of the jaw may be required.
In some cases, even a tracheostomy is necessary. Non-surgical therapies
include oral prostheses (difficult in children), medications (steroids,
stimulants), and weight reduction.
In almost every case of obstructive sleep apnea in children who
do not have unusual anatomic problems, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
is a safe and effective treatment, and is highly recommended.
Cause
of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
As
discussed previously, irritable bowel syndrome is believed to be
due to the abnormal function (dysfunction) of the muscles of the
organs of the gastrointestinal tract or the nerves controlling the
organs. The nervous control of the gastrointestinal tract, however,
is complex. A system of nerves runs the entire length of the gastrointestinal
tract from the esophagus to the anus in the muscular walls of the
organs. These nerves communicate with other nerves that travel to
and from the spinal cord. Nerves within the spinal cord, in turn,
travel to and from the brain. (The gastrointestinal tract is exceeded
in the numbers of nerves it contains only by the spinal cord and
brain.) Thus, the abnormal function of the nervous system in IBS
may occur in a gastrointestinal muscular organ, the spinal cord,
or the brain.
The
nervous system that controls the gastrointestinal organs, as with
most other organs, contains both sensory and motor nerves. The sensory
nerves continuously sense what is happening within the organ and
relay this information to nerves in the organ's wall. From there,
information can be relayed to the spinal cord and brain. The information
is received and processed in the organ's wall, the spinal cord,
or the brain. Then, based on this sensory input and the way the
input is processed, commands (responses) are sent to the organ over
the motor nerves. Two of the most common motor responses in the
intestine are contraction or relaxation of the muscle of the organ
and secretion of fluid and/or mucus into the organ.
As
already mentioned, abnormal function of the nerves of the gastrointestinal
organs, at least theoretically, might occur in the organ, spinal
cord, or brain. Moreover, the abnormalities might occur in the sensory
nerves, the motor nerves, or at processing centers in the intestine,
spinal cord, or brain. Some researchers argue that the cause of
functional diseases is abnormalities in the function of the sensory
nerves. For example, normal activities, such as stretching of the
small intestine by food, may give rise to abnormal sensory signals
that are sent to the spinal cord and brain, where they are perceived
as pain.
Other
researchers argue that the cause of functional diseases is abnormalities
in the function of the motor nerves. For example, abnormal commands
through the motor nerves might produce a painful spasm (contraction)
of the muscles. Still others argue that abnormally functioning processing
centers are responsible for functional diseases because they misinterpret
normal sensations or send abnormal commands to the organ. In fact,
some functional diseases may be due to sensory dysfunction, motor
dysfunction, or both sensory and motor dysfunction. Still others
may be due to abnormalities within the processing centers One area
that is receiving a great deal of scientific attention is the potential
role of gas produced by intestinal bacteria in patients with IBS.
Studies have demonstrated that patients with IBS produce larger
amounts of gas than individuals without IBS, and the gas may be
retained longer in the small intestine. Among patients with IBS,
abdominal size increases over the day, reaching a maximum in the
evening and returning to baseline by the following morning. In individuals
without IBS, there is no increase in abdominal size during the day.
There
has been a great deal of controversy over the role that poor digestion
and/or absorption of dietary sugars may play in aggravating the
symptoms of IBS. Poor digestion of lactose, the sugar in milk, is
very common as is poor absorption of fructose, a sweetener found
in many processed foods. Poor digestion or absorption of these sugars
could aggravate the symptoms of IBS since unabsorbed sugars often
cause increased formation of gas.
Although
these abnormalities in production and transport of gas could give
rise to some of the symptoms of IBS, much more work will need to
be done before the role of intestinal gas in IBS is clear.
Dietary
fat in healthy individuals causes food as well as gas to move more
slowly through the stomach and small intestine. Some patients with
IBS may even respond to dietary fat in an exaggerated fashion with
greater slowing. Thus, dietary fat could--and probably does--aggravate
the symptoms of IBS.
For more information Bowtrol
IBS
Medication
There
are currently many possible treatment choices for patients with
IBS to try, and research is continually being done to find new effective
medications. Nonetheless, many of the commonly used drugs to treat
IBS have not been definitively proven to be superior to placebo.
An extensive review by Klein of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
trials performed between 1966 and 1988 found that none of the studies
provided sound statistical evidence to suggest that any of the medications
used were beneficial in treating IBS, chiefly because of poor trial
design and statistical analyses in the published studies. More recent
improvements in the design of trials has yielded evidence to support
the use of smooth muscle relaxants and antidepressants in pain-predominant
IBS, use of the antidiarrheal loperamide for diarrhea, and the use
of fiber for constipation. The emergence of combination medications,
as well as the increased use of neurotransmitter regulators, will
most likely enhance the efficacy of future IBS treatments.
Bowtrol
is the only natural remedy that is clinically proven effective for
Irritable Bowel Syndrome. If you are suffering from constipation,
diarrhea, or both in alteration, abdominal pain, bloating, and heartburn
more than once a month, you are not alone. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
(also called IBS) affects about 25 million to 50 million people
in US alone.
For more information Bowtrol
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